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The continent has relatively low volcanic activity. The largest volcano is Mount Erebus on Ross Island in the sea of ​​t...
21/02/2022

The continent has relatively low volcanic activity. The largest volcano is Mount Erebus on Ross Island in the sea of ​​the same name.
NASA's subglacial surveys have discovered a crater of asteroid origin in Antarctica. The diameter of the funnel is 482 km. The crater was formed when an asteroid with a diameter of about 48 kilometers (larger than Eros) fell to Earth, about 250 million years ago, in the Permian-Triassic time. The dust raised during the fall and explosion of the asteroid led to centuries of cooling and, according to one hypothesis, the death of most of the flora and fauna of that era. This crater is considered to be the largest on Earth today[22].
In the event of complete melting of glaciers, the area of ​​Antarctica will be reduced by a third[23]: western Antarctica will turn into an archipelago, and eastern Antarctica will remain the mainland

A new NASA map, called BedMachine Antarctica[17], published December 12, 2019 in the journal Nature Geoscience,[18] comb...
21/02/2022

A new NASA map, called BedMachine Antarctica[17], published December 12, 2019 in the journal Nature Geoscience,[18] combines seismic and ice movement measurements to create the most detailed map of the continent beneath the Antarctic ice. The new map reveals previously unknown topographical features that form the ice flow on the frozen continent[19][20]. The data includes evidence of the deepest canyon on planet Earth. By studying how much ice flows through a particular narrow region, known as the Denman Trench, each year, the researchers realized that it would have to lie at least 3,500 meters below sea level to contain the entire volume of frozen water. It is much deeper than the Dead Sea, the lowest open area on land, which is 432 meters below sea level.

Research using modern methods has made it possible to learn more about the subglacial relief of the southern continent. ...
21/02/2022

Research using modern methods has made it possible to learn more about the subglacial relief of the southern continent. As a result of the research, it turned out that about a third of the mainland lies below the level of the world ocean, the research also showed the presence of mountain ranges and massifs.
The western part of the continent has a complex relief and large elevation changes. Here are the highest mountain (Mr. Vinson, 4892 m) in Antarctica. The Antarctic Peninsula is a continuation of the South American Andes, which stretch towards the south pole, slightly deviating from it to the western sector.

and East Antarctica, which have a different origin and geological structure. In the east there is a high (the highest el...
21/02/2022

and East Antarctica, which have a different origin and geological structure. In the east there is a high (the highest elevation of the ice surface is 4004 m above sea level) ice-covered Soviet Plateau [14]. The western part consists of a group of mountainous islands connected by ice. On the Pacific coast are the Antarctic Andes, whose height exceeds 4000 m; the highest point of the continent - 4892 m [15] above sea level - the Vinson Massif in the Ellsworth Mountains. The deepest depression of the continent, the Bentley Basin, is also located in West Antarctica, probably of rift origin. The depth of the Bentley depression, filled with ice, reaches 2555 m below sea level.

Antarctica is the highest continent on Earth, the average height of the surface of the continent above sea level is more...
21/02/2022

Antarctica is the highest continent on Earth, the average height of the surface of the continent above sea level is more than 2000 m, and in the center of the continent it reaches 4000 m. Most of this height is the permanent ice cover of the continent, under which the continental relief is hidden, and only 0.3% ( about 40,000 km²) its areas are ice-free - mainly in West Antarctica and the Transantarctic Mountains: islands, coastal areas, the so-called "dry valleys" and individual ridges and mountain peaks (nunataks) rising above the ice surface. The Transantarctic Mountains, crossing almost the entire continent, divide Antarctica into two parts - West Antarctica

For the first time, the entire continent was depicted on the map of the English oceanographer John Murray in 1886 with t...
16/02/2022

For the first time, the entire continent was depicted on the map of the English oceanographer John Murray in 1886 with the inscription "Supposed Antarctic Continent"[11].
The first official use of the name "Antarctica" as the name of a continent in the 1890s is attributed to the Scottish cartographer John George Bartholomew.

Before taking on its current geographic connotations, the term "Antarctica" and its derivatives were used to refer to ot...
16/02/2022

Before taking on its current geographic connotations, the term "Antarctica" and its derivatives were used to refer to other places in the sense of "opposite north". For example, a short-lived French colony founded in Brazil in the 16th century was called "Antarctic France".
The Russian navigators F.F. Bellingshausen and M.P. Lazarev, who were the first to approach the Antarctic ice shelves in 1820 during a round-the-world Antarctic expedition, called the discovered land “ice continent”. "Antarctic Continent" it was christened in 1840 by the American naval officer and explorer Charles Wilks, who led the US Navy Cartographic Department in the 1830s.

The name "Antarctica" is a romanized version of the Greek word ἀνταρκτική - feminine from the word ἀνταρκτικός[5], which...
16/02/2022

The name "Antarctica" is a romanized version of the Greek word ἀνταρκτική - feminine from the word ἀνταρκτικός[5], which means "opposite the Arctic", "opposite the north"[6].
A certain "Antarctic region" was mentioned by Aristotle in the book "Meteorology" (c. 350 BC)[7]. Ancient Greek geographer, cartographer and mathematician of the 2nd century AD. e. Marine of Tire used this name on a world map that has not survived to this day. The Roman writers Gaius Julius Hyginus and Apuleius (1st-2nd century AD) used the Romanized Greek name Pólus antarcticus[8][9] to designate the South Pole, from which the Old French pole antartike (modern spelling - pôle antarctique) was recorded in 1270 and which in turn gave rise to Middle English pol antartik in Geoffrey Chaucer's 1391 treatise (modern spelling Antarctic Pole)

The area of ​​the continent is about 14,107,000 km² (of which ice shelves - 930,000 km², islands - 75,500 km²). From nor...
16/02/2022

The area of ​​the continent is about 14,107,000 km² (of which ice shelves - 930,000 km², islands - 75,500 km²). From north to south, the length is about 3000 km, and from west to east - 4500 km [3]. The average elevation of the surface of Antarctica is the highest of all the continents In addition to the cold pole, Antarctica has the lowest relative air humidity, the strongest and longest wind and the most intense solar radiation[4].
Antarctica is also called the part of the world, consisting of the mainland of Antarctica and adjacent islands.

Antarctica is a continent located in the very south of the Earth. The center of Antarctica roughly coincides with the ge...
16/02/2022

Antarctica is a continent located in the very south of the Earth. The center of Antarctica roughly coincides with the geographic South Pole. It is washed by the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. Since 2000, the waters surrounding Antarctica south of 60°S sh., according to the decision of the International Hydrographic Organization, it was proposed to call the Southern Ocean

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